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Turnip Winter
The Turnip Winter (1916–1917) was a period of profound civilian hardship in Germany during World War I.
== Introduction ==
For the duration of World War I, Germany was constantly under threat of starvation due to the success of the British Naval blockade. Whatever meager rations remained were sent to the troops fighting the war, so the civilian population faced the brunt of the famine. The winter of 1916-1917, later known as the “Turnip Winter”, marked one of the harshest years in wartime Germany. Poor autumn weather led to an equally poor potato harvest and much of the produce that was shipped to German cities rotted. Germany’s massive military recruitment played a direct role in this, as all areas of the economy suffered from lack of employment, including agriculture. The loss of the potato crop forced the German population to subsist on turnips as an alternative.
Traditionally used as animal feed, the root vegetable was virtually the only food available throughout the winter of 1917. Malnourishment and illness claimed thousands of lives, mainly those of civilians, and wounded soldiers who had returned to the home front. A distinct example of the conditions at home in Germany was the spike in female mortality, which when compared to pre-war rates, increased by 11.5% in 1916 and 30% in 1917. This rate increased due to malnutrition and disease that was commonplace amongst the German populace. The famine and hardship of the Turnip Winter severely affected the morale within Germany, revealing to the Germans just how hard-pressed the nation-state had become under the duress of the war.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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